Name: Astrophytum myriostigma "Variegata"
Common Names: Variegated Bishop's Cap Cactus, Variegated Bishop's Hat

Astrophytum myriostigma "Variegata", commonly known as the Variegated Bishop's Cap Cactus, is a visually captivating cactus species prized for its unique variegated pattern and geometric shape. Native to the highlands of northeastern Mexico, this cactus belongs to the Astrophytum genus, renowned for its star-like, symmetrical form and woolly dots covering the surface. The "Variegata" form of Astrophytum myriostigma is particularly sought after for its striking mix of green, yellow, and cream-colored patches that add visual interest to any succulent collection.

This cactus is distinguished by its smooth, spineless ribs, typically five in number, which form a star-shaped structure. The ribs are adorned with tiny, white, woolly areoles, giving it a speckled appearance. The plant typically grows to a height of 10-15 cm (4-6 inches) and a diameter of 8-10 cm (3-4 inches). During late spring and summer, Astrophytum myriostigma "Variegata" produces small, bright yellow flowers at the crown of the plant, which may last for several days. The slow-growing nature and minimal care requirements make it an excellent choice for both beginner and experienced cactus enthusiasts.

Cultivation of Astrophytum myriostigma "Variegata"

Conditions:

1. Light: Astrophytum myriostigma "Variegata" thrives in bright, indirect light to full sun. It benefits from at least 4-6 hours of sunlight daily to maintain its compact shape and enhance the variegated coloration. In hotter climates, some afternoon shade may help prevent scorching.
2. Temperature: This cactus prefers warm temperatures and is best suited to USDA hardiness zones 9-11. It can tolerate temperatures as low as -4°C (25°F) for short periods but should be protected from prolonged frost and freezing conditions. In cooler climates, it is best grown indoors or in a greenhouse.
3. Soil: Astrophytum myriostigma "Variegata" requires a well-draining cactus or succulent mix. A combination of cactus soil, perlite, and coarse sand ensures adequate drainage and aeration, which is crucial to prevent root rot. Avoid heavy, clay-based soils that retain moisture.
4. Water: Water sparingly, allowing the soil to dry out completely between waterings. Overwatering is the most common cause of root rot. During the winter months, reduce watering frequency to once every 3-4 weeks, as the plant goes dormant.

Planting and Care:

1. Planting: Plant Astrophytum myriostigma "Variegata" in a container with drainage holes to avoid waterlogging. Use a well-draining soil mix and place the plant at the same depth as it was in its previous container. Water lightly after planting to settle the soil, and position in a bright location.
2. Fertilization: Fertilize with a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer diluted to half strength during the growing season (spring and summer). Fertilize once a month, but do not fertilize during the fall and winter when the cactus is dormant. Over-fertilization can cause rapid growth, which may weaken the plant structure.
3. Maintenance: Minimal maintenance is required. Remove any dead or damaged material to maintain the plant's health. Regularly inspect for pests like mealybugs or spider mites, and treat promptly with suitable insecticides or natural remedies.

Propagation

1. Seeds: Astrophytum myriostigma "Variegata" is primarily propagated from seeds. Collect fresh seeds and sow them in a well-draining cactus mix. Keep the seeds in a warm environment with indirect sunlight and maintain consistent moisture until germination, which can take several weeks to months. Variegation in seedlings can vary, and not all seedlings will exhibit the variegated trait.
2. Grafting: To preserve the variegated characteristics and enhance growth, grafting onto a stronger rootstock (such as Myrtillocactus geometrizans) is a popular method. This technique can also improve the plant’s tolerance to different growing conditions and reduce the risk of rot.