Plant Description

Name: Paulownia tomentosa
Common Name: Empress Tree, Princess Tree, Foxglove Tree

Paulownia tomentosa, commonly known as the Empress Tree, Princess Tree, or Foxglove Tree, is a deciduous tree native to China. It belongs to the Paulowniaceae family and is renowned for its fast growth, large leaves, and stunning purple flowers.

Paulownia tomentosa is a large, deciduous tree that can reach heights of 10-15 meters (30-50 feet) with a similar spread. The tree features large, heart-shaped leaves that can be up to 30 cm (12 inches) long, providing a lush and tropical appearance. In spring, the tree produces clusters of fragrant, tubular flowers that are typically lavender to purple in color. These flowers are followed by large, oval seed capsules.

The Empress Tree is valued for its rapid growth rate and attractive appearance, making it a popular choice for ornamental use in gardens and landscapes.

Cultivation of Paulownia tomentosa

Conditions:

1. Light: Paulownia tomentosa thrives in full sun. It requires at least 6 hours of direct sunlight per day to grow well and produce its characteristic flowers.
2. Temperature: This tree is hardy in USDA hardiness zones 6-9. It can tolerate a range of temperatures but prefers moderate to warm climates. It is not frost-tolerant and should be protected from severe winter temperatures.
3. Soil: Paulownia tomentosa prefers well-draining, loamy soil. It can tolerate a range of soil types, including sandy and clay soils, but performs best in rich, fertile soil with good drainage.
4. Water: The Empress Tree requires regular watering, especially during dry periods. Keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. Established trees are relatively drought-tolerant but benefit from supplemental water during prolonged dry spells.

Planting and Care:

1. Planting: Plant Paulownia tomentosa in a location that receives full sun. Ensure the planting site has well-draining soil. When planting in a container, use a high-quality potting mix with good drainage.
2. Fertilization: Feed the tree with a balanced, slow-release fertilizer in the spring to support vigorous growth and flowering. Follow the manufacturer's instructions for dosage to avoid over-fertilization.
3. Maintenance: Regular maintenance includes pruning to shape the tree and remove any dead or damaged branches. Monitor for pests such as scale insects or aphids and treat them promptly. The tree may require occasional pruning to maintain its shape and health.

Growing from Seeds

1. Seed Preparation: Soak Paulownia tomentosa seeds in water for 24 hours before sowing to help improve germination rates.
2. Sowing: Sow the seeds in a well-draining seed-starting mix, pressing them lightly into the soil. Cover the seeds with a thin layer of soil or sand.
3. Germination Conditions: Place the seed tray in a warm, bright location with temperatures around 20-25 °C (68-77 °F). Keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. Germination can take several weeks.
4. Care for Seedlings: Once seedlings emerge, provide them with bright light and gradually acclimate them to outdoor conditions. Transplant seedlings into larger containers or directly into the garden when they are large enough to handle.

Paulownia tomentosa is a beautiful and fast-growing tree that adds a touch of elegance and tropical charm to gardens and landscapes. Its large leaves and stunning purple flowers make it a standout choice for ornamental planting.